What is Knowledge Management?
Three classic definitions of KM ones are presented here. At the very beginning of the KM movement, Davenport,T. (1994) offered the following:
"Knowledge management is the process of capturing,distributing and effectively using knowledge"
A few years later, the Gartner Group created the second definition of KM, which is perhaps the most frequently cited one (Duhon, 1998):
“A discipline that promotes an integrated approach to identifying, capturing, evaluating, retrieving, and sharing all of an enterprise’s information assets. These assets may include databases, documents, policies, procedures, and previously uncaptured expertise and experience in individual workers.”
The third definition by McInerney, C. [2002] is that :
“KM is an effort to increase useful knowledge within the organization. Ways to do this include encouraging communication, offering opportunities to learn, and promoting the sharing of appropriate knowledge objects or artifacts.”
The stages of knowledge management is :
The First stage is “By the Internet out of Intellectual Capital”:
- Information Technology
- Intellectual Capital
- The Internet (including intranets, extranets, etc.)
- Key Phrases: “best practices,” later replaced by the more politic “lessons learned”
The Second stage is "Human and cultural dimensions, the HR, Human Relations stage"
- Communities of Practice
- Organizational Culture
- The Learning Organization (Senge), and
- Tacit Knowledge (Nonaka) incorporated into KM
- Key Phrase: “communities of practice”
The Third stage is "Content and Retrievability"
- Structuring content and assigning descriptors (index terms)
- Key Phrases: “ content management” and “taxonomies”
The Fourth is stage is " Access to External Information"
- Emphases upon External Information and the recognition of the Importance of Context
- Key Terms: “context” and “extranet”
0 comments:
Post a Comment